Social Work Examination Services (SWES) Human Behavior Practice Test

Which stage in Mahler's theory emphasizes the development of object constancy?

1. Practicing

2. Rapprochement

3. Symbiosis

4. Autism

The correct answer is: Rapprochement

The stage in Mahler's theory that emphasizes the development of object constancy is the Rapprochement phase. This stage typically occurs between 15 to 24 months of age and is marked by a child's increasing awareness of their own separateness from the caregiver. During this stage, the child begins to navigate the balance between dependence on the caregiver and the desire for independence. As they explore their environment, they also start to understand that while they can leave the caregiver’s side, they still retain a connection to them. This realization facilitates the development of object constancy, which is the ability to maintain an emotional bond with an object or person even when they are not present. This cognitive and emotional milestone is crucial for forming stable relationships in the future and is a significant aspect of the child's social-emotional development. In contrast, the other stages focus on different aspects of the child's development. The Practicing stage centers on the child's newfound mobility and exploration, while the Symbiosis stage deals with a close emotional attachment to the caregiver without yet fully recognizing the concept of separation. The Autism stage refers to an earlier phase where infants appear to be unaware of the outside world, focusing more on bodily sensations. Thus, the Rapprochement stage is crucial