Social Work Examination Services (SWES) Human Behavior Practice Test

What disorder might be indicated by disintegration of ego functioning in a male adolescent client?

1. Major depressive disorder

2. Schizophrenia spectrum disorder

3. Bipolar disorder

4. Generalized anxiety disorder

The correct answer is: Schizophrenia spectrum disorder

Disintegration of ego functioning is a hallmark characteristic of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. In this context, the term "disintegration of ego functioning" refers to the breakdown of a person’s ability to maintain coherent thoughts, perception of reality, and stable self-identity. Adolescents with schizophrenia may exhibit symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, and a significantly disrupted ability to engage in social and personal activities. Unlike major depressive disorder, which is primarily characterized by pervasive sadness, hopelessness, and a loss of interest or pleasure in activities, schizophrenia involves more profound disruptions in thought processes and perceptions of reality. Similarly, bipolar disorder includes mood swings between depression and mania, but does not typically involve the disintegration of ego functioning seen in schizophrenia. Generalized anxiety disorder focuses on excessive worry and anxiety but lacks the psychotic features that signify a significant breakdown in ego functioning. Thus, the presence of disintegration of ego functioning in a male adolescent client strongly indicates a potential diagnosis of a schizophrenia spectrum disorder, making it the most fitting answer in this scenario.