Social Work Examination Services (SWES) Human Behavior Practice Test

A social worker using token systems in a mental health facility is applying which type of technique?

1. Psychodynamic techniques

2. Cognitive-behavioral techniques

3. Operant techniques

4. Gestalt techniques

The correct answer is: Operant techniques

The use of token systems in a mental health facility exemplifies operant techniques, which are based on the principles of operant conditioning. This approach involves reinforcing desirable behaviors through rewards, thereby increasing the likelihood that these behaviors will be repeated in the future. In token systems, individuals earn tokens for exhibiting positive behaviors, which can later be exchanged for privileges or tangible rewards. This technique is rooted in behaviorism, emphasizing the influence of external stimuli on behavior. Tokens serve as a form of positive reinforcement and help to shape behavior in a structured manner, making this approach particularly effective in settings like mental health facilities where behavior modification is often a goal. While psychodynamic techniques focus more on understanding unconscious motivations and emotional conflicts, cognitive-behavioral techniques aim to change thought patterns that affect behavior. Gestalt techniques emphasize awareness and personal responsibility, concentrating on the present moment rather than behavior modification through reinforcement. Each of these approaches serves distinct purposes but does not encompass the direct reinforcement strategy represented by token systems, thus highlighting why operant techniques is the correct classification.